انقلاب اجتماعی یا سیاسی؟ الگوی تحولات انقلابی در ایران و گرجستان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار گروه انقلاب اسلامی دانشکده معارف و اندیشه اسلامی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

جمهوری اسلامی ایران و جمهوری گرجستان تحول انقلابی را در 1979 و 2003 پشت سر گذاشتند؛ با این وجود تفاوت های اساسی بین دو انقلاب مذکور از جمله در ایدئولوژی، میزان و گستره تحولات انقلابی، ماهیت نیروها و جنبش‌های اجتماعی، ماهیت رژیم سیاسی پیشین و پسین و جهت گیری سیاست خارجی جدید آنها وجود دارد و همین مساله در روندهای آتی دو کشور در دو عرصه داخلی و خارجی بسیار تاثیرگذار بوده است. با عنایت به این مساله این مقاله به دنبال بررسی این مساله است که چرا انقلاب ایران در سال 1979 ماهیت اجتماعی پیدا کرد در حالی که در گرجستان انقلاب به حوزه سیاسی محدود شد؟ به نظر می‌رسد انقلاب اسلامی ایران در 1979 در واکنش به شبه مدرنیزم دوره پهلوی و با الهام از مولفه های فرهنگی و هویتی به شکل‌گیری گفتمانی موسوم به بازگشت به خویشتن منجر شد که تحقق چنین امکانی بدون تغییر در ساختارهای سیاسی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی امکان‌پذیر نبود. اما انقلاب رنگی در گرجستان تحت تاثیر مولفه‌های مربوط به حافظه تاریخی ناشی از سرکوب گرایش های ملی‌گرایانه و استقلال‌‌طلبانه، تغییر در ساختار سیاسی حاکم را برای دستیابی به این مقصود کافی می‌دانست. داده های و اطلاعات این پژوهش از طریق روش اسنادی ( کتابخانه ای) گردآوری و با استفاده از روش تحلیل تطبیقی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. در راستای بررسی موشکافانه سوال و فرضیه فوق، این مطالعه تطبیقی ابتدا نگاهی اجمالی به زمینه های شکل‌گیری دو انقلاب مذکور انداخته و در ادامه وجوه تمایز و تشابه احتمالی آن ها را مورد بررسی و مداقه قرار خواهد داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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