منطق بازدارندگی در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دکترای بخش سیاست و روابط بین الملل دانشگاه بین المللی فلوریدا، میامی، ایالات متحده آمریکا. پژوهشگر پسا دکترای دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

راهبردهای دفاعی هر کشور پاسخی به تهدیدات منطقه‌ای و بین المللی است و کشورها با توجه به این تهدیدات به ایجاد بازدارندگی در راستای حفظ امنیت و بقا وجودی خود اقدام می کنند. کشورهایی که در طول تاریخ در معرض تهدید و تجاوز بوده‌اند، بیش از سایر کشورها نگران امنیت و کیان خود هستند. نظام دفاعی جمهوری اسلامی ایران از جهات مختلف متاثر از فرهنگ‌ راهبردی ایران است که در مواجهه با تهدیدات و چالش‌های متعدد شکل گرفته است. به بیان بهتر، ایران که به واسطه موقعیت خاص ژئوپلیتیکی خود همواره در معرض تهدید رقبای منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی بوده، موضوع امنیت و بازدارندگی را یک موضوع حیاتی تلقی می‌کند. اما از هنگام پیروزی انقلاب که اسلام در مرکز سیاست‌های امنیتی و دفاعی کشور قرار گرفته، این بازدارندگی دارای منطق خاص‌تری شده است؛ بر این اساس فهم منطق بازدارندگی در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، مستلزم شناخت رویکرد اسلام به مفهوم دفاع و امنیت است. این پژوهش از روش تحلیل گفتمان برای بررسی معنای نهفته در متون به منظور تحلیل مفهوم بازدارندگی در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران استفاده می‌کند و با بررسی و ارزیابی اسناد و متون شفاهی و مکتوب و فتاوای رهبر انقلاب، منطق دینی بازدارندگی را در جمهوری اسلامی مورد واکاوی قرار می‌دهد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ماهیت راهبرد دفاعی ایران در چارچوب آموزه‌های اسلامی مبتنی بر بازدارندگی فعال در برابر تهدیدات منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی و حفظ توان حمله دوم به منظور پیشگیری از خطر جنگ علیه ایران است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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